The Neelum River, also known as Kishanganga River, is a river in the Kashmir in the Indian subcontinent. It originates in the Ganderbal district of Indian-administered Kashmir, flows through the Neelum District into Azad Kashmir, where parts of its course fall along the Line of Control, before merging with the Jhelum River near the city of Muzaffarabad.
Name of the river
The river has traditionally been known as the Kishanganga River (
Hindi: किशनगंगा नदी,
Urdu: دریائے کِشن گنگا) and is still known as such in India; after the partition of India in 1947, the river was renamed the Neelum River (Urdu: دریائے نیلم, Hindi: नीलम नदी) in Pakistan in 1956.
Basin
Shardadesh is a name for the drainage basin of the Kishanganga River.
Course
The Kishanganga River originates from
Krishansar lake
in the vicinity of
Sonamarg, an area of Ganderbal district in the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, and runs northwards to Badoab village in
Tulail Valley where it meets a tributary from the
Dras side. It then runs westwards, parallel to the Line of Control. It is fed by many glacial tributary streams on its way. It enters the Pakistani-administered territory of
Azad Kashmir in the
Gurez sector of the Line of Control. Then it runs west again parallel to the Line of Control, passing by
Sharada Peeth. After Sharda, it bends to a southwesterly direction and runs along the Line of Control near Tithwal. Then it bends northwest again, making a wide arc to join the Jhelum River in Muzaffarabad.
Recently, the Go Gurez campaign has been launched to make people aware of the area.
Valleys
The Kishanganga River is 245 kilometres long. It covers 50 kilometers in the Indian-administered Kashmir, where it flows through the Tulail Valley and then Gurez Valley. It covers the remaining 195 kilometres in Pakistan-administered Kashmir and flows through the
Neelam Valley.
The Neelum Valley is a Himalayan gorge in the Kashmir region, along which the Neelum River flows. This green and fertile valley is 250km in length and stretches its way from Muzaffarabad to Athmuqam and beyond to Taobutt. It is one of the most attractive tourist places, like Swat District and Chitral, but due to poor road infrastructure, it remains largely inaccessible to the outside world. This area was badly affected by the 2005 earthquake and was cut off from the outside world as the roads and paths were filled with rubble. Now construction of an international standard road is in progress. There are two entrances for Neelum valley, one Neelum Road by Muzaffarabad and the other by Kaghan Valley, the Jalkhad Road. Generally, Neelum valley starts just after Muzaffarabad, but in the political division, the area from Muzaffarabad to Chelhana is named Kotla valley. District Neelum starts from Chelhana and goes up to Taobutt.
Ecology Revival
Types of fish species
There are different kinds of fish found in abundance in the Neelum River. As the river almost entirely runs across the Line of Control, being one of the main cause for
Kashmir conflict there is a sense of uncertainty among the inhabitants, many of them have emigrated
to safer places, which has left the river banks scarcely populous and kept the river in perfect conditions for growth of fish. The most well-known fish species found in Neelum River are:
-
Brown trout ( Salmo trutta)
-
Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss)
-
Snow trout ( Schizothorax plagiostomus)
-
Shuddgurn
-
Anyour
Dams
Kishanganga dam in India
In the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, the construction work on the 330 MW Kishanganga Hydroelectric Plant project has started, after being defunct for eighteen years.
Recently, the hydropower project was awarded to Hindustan Construction Company (HCC) with a timeline of seven years. The 330 MW Kishanganga hydro-electric power project involves damming of the Kishanganga River, and the proposed 37 metre reservoir will submerge some parts of the
Gurez.
The water of Kishen Ganga River will be diverted through a 24-kilometre tunnel dug through the mountains to
Bandipore, where it will join the
Wular Lake and then the Jhelum River.
Neelum–Jhelum dam in Pakistan
Similarly, Pakistan is constructing the 969 MW Neelum–Jhelum Hydropower Plant; the country has placed the project in the hands of a Chinese consortium.
Pakistan claims that the Indian dam project will violate the Indus Waters Treaty and has pursued formal arbitration proceedings against India over the matter.
[ Pakistan Seeks Resolution of India Water Dispute. By TOM WRIGHT in Lahore, Pakistan, and AMOL SHARMA in New Delhi. Wall Street Journal. 20 May 2010.]
Religious significance
Krishansar Lake and Sharada Peeth are important religious sites for Hindus, who undertake the annual pilgrimage to these sites along the Kishanganga River. In ancient times, it was among the prominent centres of learning in the subcontinent, in part with
Nalanda and
Taxila.
Sharada script, the native script for the Kashmiri language, is named in honor of the main deity of Sharada Peeth. Sharada Peeth is one of the most venerated sites for the
. The Sharada Peeth temple was damaged in the 2005 Kashmir earthquake. The Supreme Court of Pakistan has since ordered the Government to conserve the Sharada Peeth temple and to identify and restore temples and
.
[ For the first time in 72 years, Indian Hindu couple performs puja at Sharada Peeth in PoK, DNA (newspaper).] The "Save Sharada Committee" of concerned Hindus has been demanding the opening of a special corridor from India to Sharada Peeth in Pakistan-administered Kashmir for the visits of Hindu pilgrims from India.
[ Supreme Court in PoK intervenes to save Sharda temple, DNA (newspaper).]
See also
External links
